Roza kise kehte hain?
Subah sadiq se lekar ghuroob e aaftab tak ibadat ki niyyat se khane peene aur nafsani khahishat (sohbat)
se ruke rehne ka naam ‘Roza’ hai. (Shami:7312, Kitab us Saum) Arabi zaban mein roza rakhne ko ‘Saum’
aur roza kholne ko ‘Iftar’ kehte hain.
Roze ki fazeelat
Allah tala ka irshad hai: َ
Hadees shareef mein hai ke Huzoor e aqdasصلى الله عليه وسلم ne irshad farmaya: aadmi ke har ache amal
ka sawab 10 guna se 700 guna tak badha diya jata hai siwaye roze ke, is ke baare mein Allah tala irshad
farmate hain ke wo bande ki taraf se khas mere liye ek tohfa hai aur mein hi apni marzi ke mutabiq
uska inaam o sawab dunga, mera banda meri raza ke waste apni khahish e nafs aur apna khana peena
chod deta hai, roze daar ke liye do khushiyan hain: ek iftar ke waqt aur doosri Allah tala se mulaqat ke
waqt aur roze daar ke munh ki bu Allah tala ke nazdeek mushk ki khushbu se behtar hai.
(Muslim:2763, An Abi Hurairaؓ)
Roze ki Farziyat
(1) Mahe Ramazan ke roze rakhna har aaqil baligh musalman ghair mazoor shakhs par farz hai.
(Hindiya:1/195)
(2) Haiz o nifas wali aurat ke liye roza rakhna jaiz nahi lekin baad mein qaza lazim hai.
(Hindiya:1/195)
(3) Mareez, musafir, hamelah, doodh pilane wali, kamzor majboor shakhs ke liye, uzr ki bina par roza
na rakhna mabah hai, jab unka uzr khatm ho jaye to wo roze ki qaza karein. (Hindiya:1/207)
(4) School aur college ke imtehanaat ki wajah se roza chodhna jaiz nahi, isi tarah sakht mehnat
mazdoori ke kaam ki wajah se bhi roza chodne ki ijazat nahi, Albatta agar aise log roza rakhne ke baad
kaam karte karte thak jaye aur us ki wajah se roza baaqi rakhne mein sakht mushkil pesh aajaye jo
bardasht se bahar ho to roza tod sakte hain; baad mein uski qaza kar lein. (Ramazan aur jadeed
masail:194. Fatawa darul uloom zakariyya:3/292)
(5) Kisi shakhs ka irada, din mein safar karne ka hai to us ko roza chodna jaiz nahi, haan jab safar
shuru ho jaye aur roza rakhne mein mushaqqat ho to roza tod ne ki ijazat hai baad mein uski qaza
karle. (Hindiya:1/206, Khairul Fatawa:4/46)
(6) Koi shakhs aisa ho jise na filhal roza rakhne ki taqat ho aur na ainda qaza par qudrat ho to wo mahe
Ramazan shuru hone ke baad un rozon ka fidya, is tareeqe par ada kare ke har roze ke badle ek
miskeen ko do waqt pet bhar kar khana khila de ya ek sadqa e fitr ke baqadr galla ya us ki qeemat
dede, mukammal maah ke rozon ke fidya ki qeemat ya galla ba yak waqt ek faqeer ko diya ja sakta hai,
isi tarah ek roze ka fidya kayi faqeeron mein baanta ja sakta hai. (Fatawa Darul Uloom Deoband:6/166,
Fatawa Raheemiya:7/27)
(7) Ek shakhs ne saudi arab mein ramazan shuru kiya phir darmiyan-e- ramazam hindustan agaya to ab
wo yahan ke hisaab se roze mukammal kare, chahe 31 roze ho jayein, un zaid rozon ko shawwaal ke 6
rozon mein shumaar nahi kiya ja sakta. (Kitab ul Fatawa:8/373)
(8) Ek shakhs ne hindustan mein ramazan shuru kiya phir darmiyan-e-ramazan saudi arab chala gaya to
ab wo wahan ke hisaab se eid kare Albatta is surat mein agar us ke 28 roze hi hue hon jab ke wahan 29
roze hue the to ek roze ki qaza kare aur 30 roze hue the to do rozon ki qaza kare. (Fatawa
Usmani:6/177, Ramazan aur Jadeed Masail:104)
(9) Ek shakhs saudْi arab mein pura ramazan guzar kar eid bhi kar chuka phir hindustan aaya aur abhi
yahan roze chal rahe hain to us par roza rakhna zaroori nahi haan eid mein shamil ho jaye. (Ramazan
aur Jadeed Masail:104)
Roze ki Niyyat
Roze ke sahi hone ke liye niyyat shart hai, roze ki niyyat ye hai ke apne dil mein Allah Tala ki raza
hasil karne ke liye roza rakhne ka irada kare, zaban se kehna zaroori nahi. (Shami:7/341, Kitab us
Saum] Ramazan ul mubarak ke har roze ke liye alag alag niyyat karna zaroori hai, niyyat chahe raat
mein kar le ya adha din (sharee) se pehle kar le. (Hindiya:1/195) Ramazan shareef ke qaza rozon, nafil
roze todne ki bina par unki qaza ke taur par wajib hone wale rozon aur kaffare ke rozon mein subah
sadiq se pehle hi niyyat kar lena zaroori hai, agar subah sadiq ke baad in rozon mein se kisi roze ki
niyyat karega to wo roza ada na hoga, Albatta ye ek nafil roza ho jayega aur nafil roze ka sawab mil
jayega. [Shami:7/341-342, Kitab us Saum] Kisi ne roze ki niyyat karli magar abhi sehri ka waqt baqi
hai to us ke liye sehri ka waqt khatm hone tak khane peene ki ijazat hai. (Kitab ul Masail:2/147) Sehri
khana sunnat hai lekin agar koi shakhs sehri khaye baghair hi roze ki niyyat karle to bhi uska roza
durust ho jayega albatta sehri ki barkat se mehroom rahega. (Badye us Sanaye:2/266, Hindiya:1/195
-196) Ramazan shareef aur sunnat o nafil rozon ki niyyat ka waqt guroobe-aaftab se le kar aadhe din tak
hai, Albatta subah sadiq se pehle hi niyyat kar lena afzal hai. Lihaza agar koi shakhs sehri ka waqt
khatm hone ke baad neend se bedaar hua to wo bhi baghair khaye piye roza rakh sakta hai.
(Shami:7/332, Kitab us Saum]
Note:
Aadhe din se muraad subah sadiq se guroob-e-aaftaab tak ka ؓؓdhؓ
din hؓi, Jisko “Zؓhwؓ-e-Kubrؓ” bhi kehte hؓin, Misؓؓl ke tؓur par agar 6 baje (6am) subah sadiq ho aur 6 baj
e (6pm) guroob-eaaftab ho, to pura din 12 ghante ka hoga aur aadha din 12 baje hoga. [Shami:7/335,
Kitab us Saum]
Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: Islam depends on (the accompanying) five (standards):
1. To affirm that none has the privilege to be revered however Allah and Muhammad is
Allah's Messenger (ﷺ).
2. To offer the (necessary congregational) petitions obediently and consummately.
3. To pay Zakat (for example mandatory cause) .
4. To perform Hajj. (for example Journey to Mecca)
5. To notice quick during the long stretch of Ramadan.
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